What is the purpose of the suction chamber in a chest tube collection system?

The purpose of the suction chamber in a chest tube collection system is primarily to maintain a water seal. A water seal is essential in preventing air from being drawn back into the pleural space while allowing fluid or air via a chest tube to drain away. The presence of fluid in the suction chamber creates a barrier that prevents this backflow, ensuring that the thoracic cavity remains at the correct pressure.

A properly functioning suction chamber allows excess air and fluid to be continuously removed, which facilitates healing and aids in lung re-expansion. Conversely, issues with this chamber can lead to complications, such as a reaccumulation of air or fluid, which could impair the patient’s respiratory function. Therefore, the focus of the suction chamber is not primarily about lung expansion, but about maintaining that critical water seal while also allowing for efficient drainage.